In particular, the C4 subtype has different cytogenetic alterations when compared to C1, C2 and C3: C4 contains a mixture of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF/TFE) translocation RCC, chRCC and clear cell papillary RCC, indicating a previous incorrect pathological diagnosis of ccRCC [47]. This evidence concerns the gene MITF and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.