Increase in heparanase expression in the kidney glomeruli was observed in the course of diabetic nephropathy (Katz et al. 2002), passive Heymann nephritis (Levidiotis et al. 2004), puromycin (Levidiotis et al. 2001), and adriamycin nephropathy (Kramer et al. 2006), steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome in children (Holt et al. 2005), focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis, minimal change disease, IgA nephropathy (van den Hoven et al. 2007), anti-GBM antibody-related disease (Levidiotis et al. 2005), and amyloidosis in humans (Li et al. 2005). The gene discussed is HPSE; the disease is lipoid nephrosis.