PD-L1 overexpression has been reported in various human cancers, including head and neck, breast, ovarian, renal, pancreas, esophageal, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), melanoma and glioblastoma [15–17] and linked to poor prognosis and increased resistance to anticancer therapies [18]. Here, CD274 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.