A key biochemical study has presented empirical evidence supporting the role of hyperglycemia-induced mitochondrial superoxide production as a strong activator of the HBP via inhibition of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) activity within the terminal stages of the cytosolic glycolytic pathway in cultured bovine endothelial cells [34]. This evidence concerns the gene GAPDH and Hyperglycemia.