Taking these findings into account, we sought to assess the functional impact of multikinase (raf1/b, VEGFR, PDGFR) inhibitor (Sorafenib), PDE-5 inhibitor (Tadalafil), and dual ET-1 receptor blocker (Macitentan) on the T4-induced cardiac hypertrophy and associated altered responses of the contractile myocardium both in-vivo at the whole heart level and ex-vivo at the cardiac tissue level using isolated papillary muscles from the RV of the mouse hearts. Here, RAF1 is linked to cardiac hypertrophy.