The reasons for these poor outcomes are complex, but include a relatively limited repertoire of antihypertensive agents and the complex pathophysiology of hypertension involving several physiological key pathways, like the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), the sympathetic nervous system, the immune system, and the nitric oxide (NO)/cyclic GMP (cGMP) signaling cascade. Here, REN is linked to hypertensive disorder.