CASP3 and brain inflammatory disease: Increased CASP3 activity could be indicative of an apoptotic response by the bovine oviduct, mediated through LPS. It has, however, been shown using in vivo and in vitro models of microglia activation and brain inflammation that LPS-mediated induction of caspases-3, -8, and -7 results in a non-apoptotic response, as major cell death was not observed44.