CCR5 and bacterial vaginosis: The primary target cells for HIV acquisition via vaginal intercourse are mucosal cervical CD4 T cell lymphocytes that express receptors and coreceptors necessary to gain intracellular access (CD4 and CCR5) [34, 35], and mucosal CCR5+ cells; and CD4+ and CCR5+ cells, are increased in the presence of BV [28].