Tumour-infiltrating MDSCs treated with C-dextran and PEI secreted significantly higher levels of IL-12 (Fig. 4A) and TNF-α (Fig. 4B), but produced lower levels of IL-10 (Fig. 4D) and TGF-β (Fig. 4E) than the control group. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and neoplasm.