Results from functionalstudies show that robust activation of the LC is observed in cats submitted to stressfulsituations (24), which also caused an increasedexpression of c-fos in this region of mice (25).In particular, a previous study (4) suggestedthat negative emotions, such as fear and/or anxiety, increased noradrenergic activity inthe hypothalamus, amygdala and LC. Furthermore, anatomical studies demonstrated that LCprojects divergent efferent pathways to the forebrain, including hypothalamus (26) and amygdala (27), structures that are essential for emotional modulation (28). The gene discussed is FOS; the disease is Anxiety.