TCF4 and epilepsy: Tissue specificity of TCF4 expression and its interaction with other bHLH proteins are likely to explain the intellectual and developmental disabilities, unusual breathing patterns and epilepsy in PTHS individuals, as well as MRI brain abnormalities such as underdevelopment of the corpus callosum and hippocampus, posterior fossa abnormalities and ventricular dilatation [3, 4, 10, 11].