AFP and hepatocellular carcinoma: The higher accuracy and sensitivity (Table 1), the increased kappa consistency (kappa value: 0.72 vs. 0.60 in cohort A and 0.77 vs. 0.51 in cohort B), and the elevated positive proportion of DCP are similar and even better than most findings in HCV-related HCCs [27,28], indicating that DCP is suitable and superior to AFP for HBV-related HCC surveillance.