It is well established that the cytokines IFNγ, IL-1, and GM-CSF are inflammatory mediators, which activate and differentiate immune cells, increasing their microbicidal potential in response to infection with intracellular pathogens and thus playing an important role in initiating/regulating inflammation and controlling infection [7, 13, 18, 26, 27]. The gene discussed is IFNG; the disease is infection.