AKT1 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Signalling through v‐akt murine thymoma viral oncogene (AKT) regulates mechanistic target of rapamycin (serine/threonine kinase) complex 1 (MTORC1) activity and downstream of MTORC1, unc‐51 like autophagy activating kinase 1 (ULK1) activity, thereby regulating autophagy initiation.60, 61 Inhibitory MTORC1‐mediated ULK1 phosphorylation is decreased in limb muscles of COPD patients compared with controls,45 which may implicate an increase in autophagic flux induction.