Since IL-1β is a major contributor to the pathophysiology of obesity in pregnancy and GDM (Colomiere et al., 2010; Liong and Lappas, 2015), inhibition of ERS-induced IL-1β synthesis may be a potential therapeutic approach to improve pregnancy complications associated with maternal obesity and GDM, including altered insulin resistance. Here, IL1B is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.