HDAC inhibitors, such as suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA, Vorinostat) and Trichostatin A (TSA), have been shown to exhibit pleiotropic anticancer activities in many preclinical and clinical investigations of human cancers (Vigushin et al., 2001; Kelly et al., 2003; Roh et al., 2004; Condorelli et al., 2008). The gene discussed is HDAC9; the disease is cancer.