APC and breast carcinoma: Several studies using methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) method have demonstrated methylation of RASSF1A (51 %) (Rasti et al., 2009[30]), GSTP1 (34.4 %) (Saxena et al., 2012[32]), APC (36 %) (Jin et al., 2001[18]) and CDH13 (33 %) (Toyooka et al., 2001[36]) in breast cancer samples.