In addition, CUP strongly suppressed tumor growth in mice exposed to renal carcinoma cells by boosting cytokines such as IFN-γ and TNF-α, and it showed potent anti-tyrosinase activity in B16F10 cells as well as anti-osteoporosis activity in ovariectomized (OVX) rats29, 30, 31. Here, TNF is linked to osteoporosis.