SPHK1 and myocardial infarction: S1P was shown to enhance β1-adrenergic receptor stimulation-induced pro-inflammatory responses in the cardiomyocytes and FTY720 [19], a functional S1P1 antagonist [20] and SK1 inhibitor [21] reduced cardiac SK1/S1P/S1P1 signalling, ameliorated chronic cardiac inflammation and cardiac remodelling and dysfunction in vivo post-MI [19].