CD83 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: These findings are in accordance with the recent study by Liao and coworkers.[23] In a sample of 32 subjects (8 smokers without COPD, 8 smokers with COPD, 8 non-smokers without COPD, and 8 non-smokers with COPD), the authors reported a decreased expression of CD83 (as assessed by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction) in lung mDCs of smokers compared with those of non-smokers.