The authors inferred the presence of an altered DCs differentiation in COPD, leading to a selective accumulation of LDCs accompanied by a corresponding decrease in their BDCA1-positive precursors.[12] Subsequently, the same research group investigated the distribution of pDCs in the lungs of 74 subjects (32 controls, 28 patients with stage I−II COPD, and 14 patients with stage III−IV COPD).[21] The results indicated that pDCs were mainly located in the follicles, with a higher number being evident in COPD patients compared with controls. The gene discussed is CD1C; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.