IL1B and Sepsis: Numerous studies have demonstrated that fruits and leaves of WBM exhibited biological activities associated with anti-inflammation, including those of suppressing nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) productions in LPS-stimulated Raw 264.7 macrophages [24], reducing IL-8, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels in P. acnes-stimulated monocytic THP-1 cells [25], inhibiting infiltrations of neutrophils and IL-1β+ leukocytes in P. acnes-inflamed ears of mice [20], and reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine concentrations in the spleen of mice with sepsis [26].