FGFR3 and cancer: Mutation, gene rearrangements and gene amplifications that effectively activate the FGFR3 tyrosine kinase domain are currently associated with several human tumors, including adenocarcinoma of the lung, multiple myeloma, glioblastoma multiforme, nasopharyngeal, bladder, cervical, gastric, colorectal and germ cell-derived cancers (Cappellen et al., 1999; Cheng et al., 2013; Chesi et al., 2001; Ewen et al., 2013; Jang et al., 2001; Kompier et al., 2010; Ornitz and Itoh, 2015; Singh et al., 2012; Turo et al., 2015; Wang et al., 2014; Williams et al., 2013; Wu et al., 2013).