In 1977, the first clinical signs of chromium deprivation were documented in a patient receiving TPN who developed severe diabetic-like symptoms refractory to insulin supply.80 The addition of 200 μg of chromium to the daily PN solution for 3 weeks resulted in an alleviation of symptoms such as glucose intolerance, weight loss and neuropathy, and the patient no longer required exogenous insulin. This evidence concerns the gene INS and Glucose intolerance.