TGFB1 and cancer: Coupled with the findings that this microRNA is bioinformatically predicted to target both positive and negative regulators in the Wnt and TGFβ/BMP pathways, the Wnt related phenotypes observed in the midbrain [11], and proven interactions between miR-135a and targets like GSK, Tcf7l2, Ccnd1 and APC in heterologous systems or cancer cell lines [11, 74–78], we posit that miR-135a modulates the Wnt and TGFβ/BMP signaling cascade in the developing forebrain.