In order to confirm that cohousing effectively homogenized the microbiome in the two mouse strains, we performed 16S rRNA sequencing on fecal samples from cohoused p47phox−/− and B6Tac mice obtained at three time points: immediately before cohousing (pre-cohousing), after cohousing for 5 weeks (post-cohousing DSS day 0), and after colitis induction (post-cohousing DSS day 9) (Fig. 6). Here, NCF1 is linked to colitis.