They found that differences in two classes of bacteria (decrease in Gammaproteobacteria and increase in Erysipelotrichi), in association with genetic polymorphisms in phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PEMT, a key enzyme in the choline metabolism), could predict the susceptibility to develop NAFLD with choline depletion. The gene discussed is PEMT; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.