EPO and anemia: EPO is commonly known for regulating red blood cell production in patients with anemia [8,9], while G-CSF is generally known for acting on CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells to stimulate neutrophil progenitor proliferation and differentiation in patients with neutropenia, as well as mobilizing transplanted bone marrow stem cells in patients with hematological malignancies such as multiple myeloma [10,11].