TNF and brain aneurysm: In the literature, it is shown that the messenger ribonucleic acid expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and Fas-associated death domain protein (FADD) are increased in human cerebral aneurysms, suggesting a key role for these cytokines in promoting inflammation and subsequent apoptosis of cerebral vascular cells with development of an aneurysm sac [8].