Studies on nintedanib's mode of action in the treatment of IPF revealed, among others, an inhibitory effect on the TGFβ-stimulated differentiation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts as well as on TGFβ-induced collagen secretion and deposition in cells derived from IPF patients [63, 64]. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.