SPRR2A and Alzheimer disease: GMF was shown to activate a number of genes related to pro-inflammatory effects in the nervous system, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β), 12-lipoxygenase and chemokine CX3C, which were involved in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders such as AD [40].