TP53 and vulvar carcinoma: The E7 and E6 oncoproteins encoded by HPV can be integrated into the host genome, binding to the tumor suppressor proteins pRB and p53, respectively, and leading to their deregulation, which results in the overexpression of p16INK4A as a means of genetic instability control[53].All these may reasonably lead to the speculation that p16INK4a is only associated with HPV-induced vulvar carcinoma.