Using flow cytometry analysis, apparent dissociation constant of LpMab-12 was determined to be 1.2 × 10−8 M for LN319 and 1.8 × 10−8 M for LEC, suggesting that the binding affinity of LpMab-12 is comparable with previously established anti-hPDPN mAbs [22] for hPDPN-expressing cancer cells and normal cells (Fig 1D). The gene discussed is CCL16; the disease is cancer.