In the present study, we determined the expression levels and clinical significances of nerve-related molecules [nestin, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), Glial Fibrillary Acidic protein (GFAP) and S100B] and T helper-related molecules (IL-17, Foxp3) in BM of AML patients and controls by immunohistochemical analysis and RT-PCR. Here, GFAP is linked to acute myeloid leukemia.