TGFB1 and lung adenocarcinoma: In summary, chronic TGFβ promotes the metastatic potential of lung adenocarcinoma by increasing Snail protein stability via its effect on the integrin β3-FAK-Akt-GSK3β signaling axis, suggesting that integrin β3 could be used as an indicator for determining the effectiveness of Akt- or FAK-targeted therapies.