CALCA and bacterial infectious disease: Despite of other potential discriminatory biomarkers such as IL-6 [7], simultaneous and rapid detection of CRP and PCT can be helpful in (i) differentiating bacterial infection from non-infective causes of inflammation; (ii) differentiating acute from chronic bacterial infection as well as local from systematic bacterial infection; (iii) and furthermore, determining the appropriate dosage and duration of antibiotic therapy [12, 23, 24, 29].