These structures depend on regulated Src kinase activity10, 11, 12 and on actin-regulating proteins such as the Arp2/3 complex, cortactin, the adaptor protein Nck11, 13, 14, 15, 16 and N-WASP (neural-Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein), an important contributor to cancer invasion in vitro and in vivo16, 17, 18. This evidence concerns the gene WASL and cancer.