When PCOS subjects were divided into insulin-resistant (PCOS IR group, HOMA-IR>2.5) and non-insulin-resistant (PCOS non-IR group, HOMA-IR<2.5) groups, an increase in Mitosox Red fluorescence with respect to controls was observed in the PCOS non-IR (p<0.05, Fig 2B) and PCOS IR (p<0.05, Fig 2B) groups, which was evidence of enhanced mitochondrial ROS production, thus indicating conditions of oxidative stress. Here, INS is linked to polycystic ovary syndrome.