CD4 and colitis: Muzaki et al. used BALB/c Clec9A-DTR mice treated with 2% DSS from MP Biomedicals and showed that CD103+CD11b− DCs were critical for anti-inflammatory responses, dependent on T cell-derived IFN-γ; although intestinal T cell populations were not investigated in their study, we also observed decreased Ifng expression in the remaining LP CD4+ T cells from XCR1-DTA mice prior to the induction of colitis (Fig. 2C).