SNCA and Parkinson disease: Over the past years, several genes with mutations have been identified in the familial PD cases, including alpha-synuclein (SNCA) [8, 9], leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) [2, 3], Parkin [10], PTEN induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) [11], DJ-1 [12], ATP13A2 or PARK9 [13], and VPS35 [14, 15].