TNF and inflammatory bowel disease: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract.[1,2] Activation of T cells and a broad spectrum of inflammatory mediators, especially tumour necrosis factor (TNF), results in pathological inflammation of the intestinal mucosa and plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of IBD.[1–3] The interference of this inflammatory pathway with biological therapies has revolutionised the treatment of IBD.