CD4 and listeriosis: In murine listeriosis,splenic NK1.1+ cells, CD8+ and CD4+ Tcells were also shown to be early sources of IFN-γ35.Nevertheless, a slight increase in the proportions of CD4+ T cellssimultaneously producing IFN-γ and IL-10 was still observed in N.caninum infected p40−/− mice.Interestingly in T. gondii infected hosts, a population of IFN-γand IL-10 double-producing CD4+ T cells was shown to better controlthe replication of parasites inside macrophages than single IFN-γproducers36.