For example, Gasse et al. demonstrated that mice deficient in apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), an important component of the inflammasome, have attenuated IL-1β production and are protected from bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis suggesting that one of the mechanisms of action of bleomycin is via the activation of the inflammasome [68]. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is pulmonary fibrosis.