Moreover, in different clinical settings such as severe sepsis and septic shock, markers such as liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP)25, interleukin-18 (IL-18), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1)26, and endogenous ouabain27, an adrenal gland stress hormone, have shown a good discriminant power between patients who will develop AKI and those who will not23. Here, IL18 is linked to acute kidney injury.