In contrast, autoimmune diseases are usually dominated by Th1 and Th17 cells and their cytokine products IL-2, IFNγ, and IL-17 (in Th1 autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, RA, multiple sclerosis, MS, and Hashimoto thyroiditis, HT) or by Th2 cells and their anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4, TGFβ, and IL-10 (in Th2 autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, SLE, systemic or local sclerosis, SSc, or scleroderma). Here, IL4 is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.