INS and Insulin resistance: When supplied exogenously (Berg et al., 2001; Combs et al., 2001; Yamauchi et al., 2001; Zhao et al., 2015) or overexpressed as a transgene (Combs et al., 2004; Otabe et al., 2007; Wang et al., 2014; Ye et al., 2014), adiponectin suffices to promote insulin action and ameliorates insulin resistance.