Sun et al explored the effects of the human immmunodeficiency virus-1/acquired immunodeficency syndrome (HIV-1/AIDS) trans-activator of transcription (Tat) protein on human rhabdomyosarcoma cellular responses to ionizing radiation and found that HIV-1 Tat protein sensitizes cells to ionizing radiation via depressing DNA repair and dysregulating cell cycle checkpoints [14]. The gene discussed is TAT; the disease is AIDS.