However, the mechanisms underlying the association of vitamin D and NAFLD are not yet fully understood and it remains unclear whether other vitamin D-related parameters, e.g., calcium (Ca), 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 (25(OH)D3), activated 1α,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 (1α,25(OH)2D3), or parathyroid hormone (PTH) also have a predictive value for disease progression. Here, PTH is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.