CST3 and hippocampal atrophy: For example, Cystatin C (CST3) has been suggested to be related to white matter lesions [13], grey matter density [14] and the global neurophysiological phenotype [15] of AD patients and aMCI individuals, and sortilin-related receptor (SORL1) gene variants are associated with hippocampal atrophy and white matter hyperintensities in AD patients [16, 17].