AKT1 and thyroid cancer, nonmedullary, 2: Xing et al suggested that activation of MAPK pathway could increase the development of PTC, which could further progress to ATC after dedifferentiation induced by activated PI3K/Akt pathway; in addition, PI3K/Akt pathway activation could induce the development of FTC, which could also progress to ATC after the induction caused by further activated PI3K/Akt pathway and/or MAPK pathway [108].