To investigate the relevance of ATM signaling for PDGFRA upregulation in human GBM, we took advantage of patient derived human GBM neural stem cells (GNSCs) (Stricker et al., 2013) that have documented TP53 mutations (lines G26, G166, and G179, Figure 6A). The gene discussed is PDGFRA; the disease is glioblastoma.